| 摘要: |
| 黄芪是临床常用的补气药之一，具有提高免疫力、保护肝脏、抗肿瘤等药理作用。近年来研究证明，黄芪活性成分可干预肝癌发生发展的多个环节，具有缓解肝癌形成、增强免疫应答、抑制肝癌细胞增殖、诱导肝癌细胞凋亡、抑制肝癌侵袭及转移等功能。本文系统梳理了黄芪多糖、皂苷等主要活性成分的化学特征，比较了水/醇提取法、超声提取法、酶提取法及半仿生提取等方法的工艺特点，重点总结了黄芪多糖与黄芪甲苷抗肝癌的分子机制，包括调控磷脂酰肌醇3激酶（phosphoinositide 3-kinase，PI3K）/蛋白激酶 B（protein kinase B，Akt）、Wnt/β-连环蛋白（β-catenin）、核因子κB（nuclear factor kappa-B，NF-κB）、Janus激酶/信号转导与转录激活因子（janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription，JAK/STAT）等信号通路。黄芪抗肝癌具有多组分、多靶点、多通路的特点，通过总结近年来黄芪抗肝癌的国内外文献，对黄芪活性成分的抗肝癌作用机制进行综述，为黄芪抗肿瘤药物的进一步研究和开发提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 肝癌 黄芪多糖 黄芪甲苷 细胞凋亡 信号通路 |
| DOI： |
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| Research advances in the mechanism of action of key active components in Astragalus membranaceus in treatment of liver cancer |
| LIU Yonghong,WANG Wenjie,ZOU Qing,LIU Bo |
| (Institute of Dietotherapy and Herbal Medicinal Diet, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China;Institute of Dietotherapy and Herbal Medicinal Diet, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou 412000, Hunan, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Astragalus membranaceus is one of the commonly used Qi-tonifying drugs in clinical practice, with the pharmacological actions of enhancing immunity, protecting the liver, and exerting the antitumor effect. Recent studies had shown that the active components of Astragalus membranaceus interfere with the development and progression of liver cancer by mitigating the formation of liver cancer, enhancing immune response, inhibiting the proliferation while inducing the apoptosis of hepatoma cells, and suppressing the invasion and metastasis of liver cancer. This article systematically reviewed the chemical characteristics of the main active components including Astragalus polysaccharides （APS） and astragaloside, compared the charcters of extraction methods including the water/ethanol extraction, the ultrasound extraction, the enzyme extraction, and the semi-bionic extraction. subsequently, we summarized the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of APS and astragaloside on liver cancer, particularly involving the PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of Astragalus membranaceus was characterized by multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway features. This review summarized the recent domestic and international literatures on the anti-liver cancer effects of the active components from Astragalus membranaceus, aiming to provide a reference for future research and development of Astragalus-based anti-turnor drugs. |
| Key words: Liver cancer Astragalus polysaccharides Astragaloside Cell apoptosis Signaling pathway |
